MICROPROCESSORA microprocessor is a programmable digital electronic component that incorporates the functions of a central processing unit (CPU) on a single semiconducting integrated circuit (IC). The microprocessor was born by reducing the word size of the CPU from 32 bits to 4 bits, so that the transistors of its logic circuits would fit onto a single part. One or more microprocessors typically serve as the CPU in a computer system, embedded system, or handheld device.CISC CHIPSA complex instruction set computer (CISC) is a microprocessor instruction set architecture (ISA) in which each instruction can execute several low-level operations, such as a load from memory, an arithmetic operation, and a memory store, all in a single instruction. The term was retroactively coined in contrast to reduced instruction set computer (RISC).RISC CHIPSThe reduced instruction set computer, or RISC, is a CPU design philosophy that favors an instruction set reduced both in size and complexity of addressing modes, in order to enable easier implementation, greater instruction level parallelism, and more efficient compilers. As of 2007, common RISC microprocessors families include the DEC Alpha, ARC, ARM, AVR, MIPS, PA-RISC, Power Architecture (including PowerPC), and SPARC.CONTROXERSYA controversy or dispute is a matter of opinion over which parties actively disagree, argue, or debate. Controversies can range in size from private disputes between two individuals to large-scale disagreements between societies.KINDS OF MEMORY CHIPSRAM comes in many different kinds of configurations and types, and it runs at many different speeds, as well. Before you upgrade, you need to know how to spot the different types. Pictured in these steps are the different types of RAM, including the older-style DIPs and newer SIMMs, DIMMs, and RIMMs. You should also view the "What Is RAM Density?" tutorial for more in-depth information about DIMMs and RIMMsIf you have a very old computer, it might use a dual inline package (DIP) kind of memory. DIPs came in pairs or sets of eight and could be soldered into holes on the computer's motherboard or plugged into a socket that was soldered on the motherboard. This method was fine when computers typically operated on a couple of megabytes or less of RAM, but as the need for memory grew, the number of chips needing space on the motherboard increased. Systems using this memory will not be able to run Windows® 98 and above.The two basic types of RAM today are Synchronous Dynamic RAM (SDRAM) and Rambus Dynamic RAM (RDRAM). The form you use depends on the RAM sockets installed on your motherboard (the largest printed circuit board in your computer). To know what to buy, you will need to know the limitations of your system, which can be found by checking the motherboard or your PC manual. See the "Memory Module Descriptions" tutorial for more informationThe two basic types of memory modules are Dual Inline Memory Modules (DIMMs) and Single Inline Memory Modules (SIMMs). These modules are a little more than an inch high and four to six inches wide, and connect to your motherboard with pins. The number of pins refers to how many contact strips are on the connector side of the SIMM or DIMM.SIMMs (Single Inline Memory Modules) plug into long matching sockets on your motherboard. Typically, a motherboard has two or three banks of SIMM sockets into which you plug the memory. SIMMs primarily come in 72-pin formats. The typical capacities of these are 1MB, 2MB, 4MB, 8MB, 16MB, and 32MB. This type of memory is old and not common in today's machines.DIMMs (Dual Inline Memory Modules) look a lot like SIMMs, but they come in a 168-pin format. They are usually a faster and higher-performance memory than SIMMs, and are used in Pentium® PCs. Their typical size is 128 MB of RAM with additional sizes of 256 and 512.RIMMs (Rambus Inline Memory Modules) look alot like DIMMs and fit in the same area as a DIMM connector. RIMMS have 184 pins in contrast to a DIMM's 168, but use the same socket specification as a standard 100MHz DIMM. RIMMs are typically compatible with Pentium PCs that have 1GHz or more processors. Check your PC's or motherboard's manual to verify whether or not you have a motherboard with the proper Rambus Circuitry to support RIMMs. See the "RIMMs" tutorial for more information.A SIMM or DIMM usually has nine chips of memory on it, eight of which are used for the memory itself. The ninth chip is the parity chip, and is used for error checking. Some computer systems require parity chips, while others do not. In general, Pentium-based computers don't require parity memory. Parity memory usually costs more than non-parity memory. Check your PC's or motherboard's manual to see which kind of memory your PC requires.KINDS OR TYPES OF EXPANSIONISA -- Industry Standard ArchitectureEISA -- Enhanced Industry Standard ArchitectureFound in IBM-compatible desktop computers.These expansion slots are a standard way to connect more devices to a PC-compatible computer. "ISA" is an older style that is typically found on computers with 80286 ("286"), 80386 ("386") and 80486 ("486") microprocessors.NuBusFound in Macintosh computers.NuBus slots are used to connect many kinds of expansion cards, including network adapter cards, video cards, additional cache cards and PC computer expansion cards.PCI -- Peripheral Component InterconnectFound in many IBM-compatible desktop computers and newer Macintosh computers.PCI is a standard bus adapter that allows high-speed connections to most peripheral devices, including video adapter cards, network cards, cache cards and PC computer expansion cards.Small Computers System InterfaceFound on desktop computers, predominantly in Macintoshes.SCSI expansion slots allow you to connect a wide variety of devices like CD-ROM drives, printers and scanners. You can connect up to six different SCSI devices in a chain

System Unit
The main part, processing unit and devices, of a microcomputer is a system unit. A system unit includes a board called a motherboard that holds a microprocessor chip (or a CPU), memory chips, and expansion slots. Electronic circuitry is printed on the board and it connects between two main parts of a microcomputer, the microprocessor and primary storage and other parts. The system unit is housed within the system cabinet. A system unit includes the following parts:
Motherboard
Microprocessor
Memory Chips
System Clock
Buses
Ports
Expansion Slots and CardsMotherboard

A Motherboard or system board is the main printed, flat circuit board in an electronic device such as microcomputers. The board contains expansion slots (sockets) that accept additional boards (expansion Cards). In a microcomputer, the motherboard contains the microprocessor, the primary storage chips (or main memory cards), the buses, and all the chips used for controlling the peripherals.

The hard disk drive is the primary storage location where data is permanently stored. Below is an illustration of what the inside of the hard disk drive may look like. The four main components of a hard disk drive are the platters, head arm, chassis, and the head actuator.
The majority of computer hard disk drives are permanently stored in an internal drive bay at the front of the computer and are connected with one ATA / SCSI cable and power cable. Unlike other drives, the hard disk drive is the only drive that is not physically accessed by the user like the floppy disk drive or the CD-ROM drive.

Motherboard
Also known as the mb, mainboard, mobo, mobd, backplane board, planar board, or system board. The Motherboard is a printed circuit that is the foundation of a computer and allows the CPU, RAM, and all other computer hardware components to function with each other. Below is a graphic illustration of the ASUS P5AD2-E motherboard and some basic explanations of each of the major portions of the motherboard.
Additional information and help can also be found on our Motherboard page.
A listing of motherboard manufacturers can be found on our motherboard links page.
Also see: Backplane, Form factor, Motherboard definitions, Northbridge, Southbridge

COMPUTER SYSTEM- is a combinatin of software and hardware
---HARDWARE---
__CPU- Central Processing Unit__The processor chip that runs your computer.
__RAM- Random Access Memory__The part of the computer that temporarily holds a program and related files and manipulates data (non permanent).
---PERIPHERALS---
INPUT DEVICES
__Keyboard__
Keyboards are designed for the input of text and characters and also to control the operation of a computer.
__Mouse__
A mouse functions as a pointing device by detecting two-dimensional motion relative to its supporting surface. Physically, a mouse consists of a small case, held under one of the user's hands, with one or more buttons.
__Scanner__
Scanner is a device that analyzes images, printed text, or handwriting, or an object (such as an ornament) and converts it to a digital image. Most scanners today are variations of the desktop (or flatbed) scanner.
OUTPUT DEVICES
__Monitor__
Monitor is a piece of electrical equipment which displays viewable images generated by a computer without producing a permanent record.
__Printer__
Printer produces a hard copy (permanent human-readable text and/or graphics) of documents stored in electronic form, usually on physical print media such as paper or transparencies.
__Speakers__
Speakers are external speakers, commonly equipped with a low-power internal amplifier. The standard audio connection is a 3.5mm (1/8 inch) stereo jack plug often colour-coded lime green, following the PC 99 standard) for computer sound cards.
STORAGE DEVICES
__Hard Drive__
Hard drive a non-volatile storage device which stores digitally encoded data on rapidly rotating platters with magnetic surfaces.

__Floppy Drive__
__Zip Drive__
Zip drive is a medium-capacity removable disk storage system, introduced by Iomega in late 1994. Originally it had a capacity of 100 MB, but later versions increased this to first 250 MB and then 750 MB.

MajOr cOmpOneNts Of a cOmpUteR sYsTem
Components of a Computer System: * The hardware components of a computer system are the electronic and mechanical parts. -the physical component of a computer system* The software components of a computer system are the intangible parts: the data and the computer programs. -the program or the instruction that used to tell computer how to perform its task The major hardware components of a computer system are: 1.Processor 2.Main memory 3.Secondary memory 4.Input devices 5.Output devices__The processor, main memory, secondary memory, and power supply are inside the systems unit. The systems unit is the metal case and its contents that is often called "the computer". Attached to the systems unit are various input devices (such as the keyboard) and output devices (such as the monitor). The systems unit holds the main circuit board of the computer, called the motherboard which many of the other components plug into. The power supply supplies power for most of the components.* Peopleware - the user.
Posted by cscio1ef 3-6pm at 7/24/2007 12:34:00 AM 0 comments
Thursday, July 19, 2007

My Autobiography and C++ program

I am Jessa Dalangin Bitas, my nick name is "Meg". I was born last December 25, 1989 in our place Calinan, Davao City, where I am living right now. I grew up with my family. In my grade school from nursery until grade four,I'd studied in Holy Cross College of Calinan. Then, I transfered in Lt. C. Villafuerte Sr. Elem. School when I'm grade five to grade six. I finished my High School at Calinan National High School. Then after, I taked up my Bachelor of Science in Information Technology at Ateneo de Davao University only one school year. Then, I transfered in AMA Computer College with the same course, and it s my current school.
I am studying so that I can reach my goal or my dreams in life. And also, I can help my parents if I will graduate and have a successful job. I want o go abroad as a computer expert because I want to earn money for my future. I am doing my whole best so that I can finish my studies and reach my goal.
MY BLOODSHED DEV C++ Program"Tracing the LOOP"
#include
int main ()
{
int X,Y, i=5;
Y=1;
X=2;
while (X >=1)
do {
for (i = 0;i < 5;i++)
switch (i) {
case 1: Y = X + 7; break;
case 2: X = Y + 8;
case 4: X = X - Y; break;
default:X = X + Y;
Y = Y + X;
printf( " X is %d\n" , X);
printf( " Y is %d\n" , Y);
}
printf( "X is %d\n" , X);
printf( "Y is %d\n" , Y);
}
while (Y < 5);
getche ();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:

Posted by cscio1ef 3-6pm at 7/19/2007 03:52:00 AM 0 comments
Tuesday, July 17, 2007

Different Parts of Computer System
DIFFERENT PARTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM
It is quite obvious that computers are quite complex and that they are comprised of many different components! In this section, we will take a look at a few of the different parts of the computer, ranging from your computer's central processing unit to your computer's oprating system!The parts of your computer can be divided into two main components, hardware and software:
1.Computer software, consisting of programs, enables a computer to perform specific tasks, as opposed to its physical components (hardware) which can only do the tasks they are mechanically designed for. The term includes application software such as word processors which perform productive tasks for users, system software such as operating systems, which interface with hardware to run the necessary services for user-interfaces and applications, and middleware which controls and co-ordinates distributed systems

2. Computer hardware is the physical part of a computer, including the digital circuitry, as distinguished from the computer software that executes within the hardware. The hardware of a computer is infrequently changed, in comparison with software and data, which are "soft" in the sense that they are readily created, modified or erased on the computer. Firmware is a special type of software that rarely, if ever, needs to be changed and so is stored on hardware devices such as read-only memory (ROM) where it is not readily changed (and is, therefore, "firm" rather than just "soft").Most computer hardware is not seen by normal users. It is in embedded systems in automobiles, microwave ovens, electrocardiograph machines, compact disc players, and other devices. Personal computers, the computer hardware familiar to most people, form only a small minority of computers (about 0.2% of all new computers produced in 2003). See Market statistics.

Posted by cscio1ef 3-6pm at 7/17/2007 06:42:00 AM 0 comments
Tuesday, July 10, 2007

Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Posted by cscio1ef 3-6pm at 7/10/2007 02:15:00 AM 0 comments
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...wElcOmE tO my blOg...
enjOy viewing my blOg

mEg
i hurt deeper than you'll ever know

mUevO BanD

MARCELINO GWAPO